Herschel/SPIRE Infrared Astronomy Schools Ask an Astronomer Media
The alternative to observing high up on mountains is to send infrared telescopes on balloons high up into the atmosphere or, better yet, on rockets into space. The European and American Space Agencies have launched several infrared space missions in the past (see chart). There is one infrared space observatory in orbit right now: NASA’s Spitzer telescope produces spectacular images of a quality that has never been possible before.

Two missions are currently working on their satellites: Japan’s Astro-F and ESA’s Herschel. Canada contributes equipment, software, and staff and science support to the Herschel mission.


Far-Infrared Space Missions Chart

 
 
Launch Date
1983
1995
2003
2006
2009
2017
Space Agency
U.S./U.K
netherlands
ESA
NASA
Japan
ESA
Japan
Telescope Diameter
0.57m
0.64m
0.85m
0.69m
3.5m
3.5m
Spectral Range
4 - 119µm
2.5 - 240µm
3 - 180µm
50 - 200µm
80 - 670µm
5 - 200µm
Orbit
Earth
Elliptical orbit around earth
Earth-trailing heliocentric
Polar orbit around earth at 750km
L2, 1.5 mio. km from Earth
L2, 1.5 mio. km from Earth
FOV
30'
3' X 3'
5' X 5'
10' X 10'
4' X 8'
Up to 6' X 6'
Resolution
20" - 120"
1.66" - 5.11" & 1' - 2'
1.2" - 16"
1.5" - 44"
3.4" - 6.8" & 17" - 35"
<1" - 14"
Comments
Photometric Survey
Photometer and Spectrometer
High spatial resolution
Photometric and spectrometric survey

Submm, moving parts

No cryogens, cool telescope
Lifetime
10 months
28 months
>5y
1.5y
4y
>10y

Herschel / SPIRE

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